Taking a Lookat Hepatitis C Virus - 1718 Words

Globally, an estimated 150 million people have been infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV is the major cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer and one of the most common indications for liver transplantation (Simmonds, 2004).There is serious concern about the growing problem of the HIV and HCV prevalence in Africa, where the major route of transmission of HIV is through the sexual route. Co-infection with HCV and HIV is common due to shared routes of transmission – via blood and blood products and sharing of needles for injecting drugs. About 40 million people are estimated to be infected with HIV worldwide of which approximately 4-5 million are co-infected with HCV (Alter, 2006). Co-infection with HIV and HCV are common due to shared routes of transmission, however, there are differences in the ways that these viruses are transmitted in the developed and developing countries (Ocama and Seremba, 2011). Burden of HIV and HCV co-infections in Africa There have been a number of studies in Africa that have investigated the prevalence of HIV and HCV co-infections in various countries in Africa. Generally, the distribution of HIV and HCV co infections in different regions of Africa differs by countries. The prevalence of HIV and HCV co-infections range from as low as 0% to 99.7% (Table 1). The Northern African region for example is the most affected by HCV with Egypt having prevalence rates as high as 20% in the general population (WHO, 2003) in contrast, there was no

The Lottery By Shirley Jackson Analysis - 784 Words

Sometimes things aren’t always as we perceive them to be and we are often very surprised by certain outcomes. Throughout her short stories, â€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"The Possibility of Evil†, Shirley Jackson shocks readers with her unthinkable plot twists. During both stories, they begin very peaceful and calm but as you near the end, your view of both readings completely change. Throughout â€Å"The Lottery† if you win the lottery that year you will be sacrificed, which no one would believe would happen as the title has a positive connotation; also, â€Å"The Possibility of Evil† starts out with a nice older woman enjoying her day but as you get closer to the final words of the story you start to realize that she is the reason behind all of the negativity†¦show more content†¦In â€Å"The Lottery† Jackson makes readers believe, just by the name of the story itself, that everyone is going to be excited to play the lottery. She e ven states that one man was talking â€Å"cheerfully†(Jackson pg.2). Most people didn’t seem to be worried about the lottery and everyone seemed to be enjoying themselves to some extent; whereas at the end the person to win the lottery is very unlucky and becomes that year’s human sacrifice, seeming insane that people weren’t worried. Readers were not expecting such a terrible outcome for the lottery winner and are blown away come the end of the story. Similarly, at the beginning of â€Å"The Possibility of Evil†, no one thought that Miss Strangeworth would be the one spreading evil throughout the town. Everyone seemed to believe she was a nice old lady that wouldnt hurt a fly. By the end of the story, readers realize that she is the only reason for the evil in the town, which was very unexpected. Lastly, Jackson uses foreshadowing to create anticipation in the reader’s minds. In â€Å"The Lottery† she states that the younger boys â€Å"made a great pile of stones in one corner of the square†(Jackson pg.1) which makes readers question why the boys would be gathering a huge pile of stones at a lottery. Thus, showing that the stones must have an importance and tends to get reader’s minds thinking about what could possibly happen with theShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson744 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† - For Analysis 1. There are multiple examples to suggest that â€Å"The Lottery† is a ritualistic ceremony. In several instances â€Å"The Lottery† is referred to as a ritual: â€Å"..so much of the ritual had been forgotten..† and â€Å"†¦because so much of the ritual had been forgotten†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . In addition, the ceremony happens annually on June 27th, a t0:00 a.m., suggesting a ceremonial quality. This happens with such regularity that the citizens â€Å"†¦only half listened to the directions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This ceremonyRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson Analysis732 Words   |  3 PagesFollowing other people may have a positive or negative effect, but when it reaches a certain point where you blindly follow others it may not have a positive outcome. â€Å"The Lottery† made by Shirley Jackson is about a small community of villagers that gather together every year to perform a tradition. All of the villagers gather together and draw small sl ips of paper from a black wooden box, whoever draws the first slip with the black dot on it, their family has to draw first. Now all of the membersRead More Analysis of The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay693 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of The Lottery by Shirley Jackson â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson was written in 1948. The story takes place in a village square of a town on June 27th. The author does not use much emotion in the writing to show how the barbaric act that is going on is look at as normal. This story is about a town that has a lottery once a year to choose who should be sacrificed, so that the town will have a plentiful year for growing crops. Jackson has many messages about human nature in this shortRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson910 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis of the Short Story â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson Shirley Jackson explores the subject of tradition in her short story â€Å"The Lottery†. A short story is normally evaluated based on its ability to provide a satisfying and complete presentation of its characters and themes. Shirley describes a small village that engages in an annual tradition known as â€Å"the lottery†. Narrating the story from a third person point of view, Shirley uses symbolism, foreshadowing and suspense to illustrateRead MoreEssay on The Lottery by Shirley Jackson: an Analysis1522 Words   |  7 PagesKouyialis EN102: Composition II Professor Eklund The Lottery by Shirley Jackson: An Analysis The short story â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson was written in 1948 and takes place in a small town, on the 27th of June. In this story, the lottery occurs every year, around the summer solstice. All families gather together to draw slips of paper from a black box. When reading this story, it is unclear the full premise of the lottery until near the end. The heads of households are the firstRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson1534 Words   |  7 Pages Literary Analysis: â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson is a short story written in 1948. Due to World War II ending around this time, her story took some strong criticism. The people at that time wanted uplifting stories, and this story is the very opposite because of its underlying theme of tradition and conformity. â€Å"The Lottery† shows that no matter the tradition or belief, people will not stray from their daily routine because humans are creatures of habitRead MoreAnalysis Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson773 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story, The Lottery, written by Shirley Jackson, is about a small village or some type of society with a yearly tradition called, the lottery. From what the reader may read online, they may find out that during the time period Jackson wrote this, she was interested in magic and witchcraft. Not only that she was also rumored to have gotten rocks thrown at her by children who believed she was a witch. One may also say, that the story wa s absolutely unique and the ending completely shockingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson1060 Words   |  5 Pagesthird point of view about other but our view are mostly to always limited, not knowing everything. In a story called â€Å"Charles† by Shirley Jackson, the author creates a limited first point of view of Laurels mother where the reader reads and understand only what Laurie’s mother understand and see. In the other story also written by Shirley Jackson called â€Å"The Lottery†, the story proceed at a limited third point of view where the reader understands more ideas. Although each storied have a differentRead MoreAnalysis of The Lottery by Shirley Jackson993 Words   |  4 PagesSpanish author, When we blindly adopt a religion, a political system, a literary dogma, we become automatons. We cease to grow. Shirley Jackson was born in 1919 in San Francisco, California to Leslie and Geraldine Jackson. She is most well known for her s hort story titled â€Å"The Lottery† which was first published in The New Yorker to overwhelming and mixed reviews. The lottery, as portrayed in the short story, is a religious, annual ceremony in the afternoon of June 27. This event is said to be olderRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson Analysis802 Words   |  4 PagesIf everyone else was doing something, would you? Or maybe if someone needed to be stood up for, would you have their back? In The Lottery, people do follow other people blindly. And the consequences are devastating. But in First They Came, not having someone’s back might get you in the same position†¦ The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is a story that takes place in a small village on a warm summer day. Little boy’s run around in boisterous play, collecting small stones into a pile. As the adults gather

Fractional Distillation Experiment Free Essays

In the experiment of distillation we separated two miscible liquids. The purpose of distillation is to identify and purify compounds. We began our experiment by setting up an apparatus for macroscale simple distillation. We will write a custom essay sample on Fractional Distillation Experiment or any similar topic only for you Order Now We used 60 ml of Cyclohexane/ Toluene. We began with the temperature at 50 degrees Celsius. Unfortunately, we reached an error when the compounds evaporated too rapidly. The compounds evaporated so quickly that we lost data from 2 ml to 13 ml. The heat was lowered and as a result we started to see a constant rate. From 14 ml to 18 ml it stayed at the rate of 90 degrees Celsius, from 19ml to 25 ml it was at 93 from 26ml to 38ml it stayed in the 90’s for several minutes. When it reached the 50ml mark our temperature was at 108 degrees Celsius. Next we conducted the fractional distillation experiment. We tightly packed the fractionating column with a copper metal sponge, poured our mixture into the 100 ml flask and waited for the mixture to reach boiling point. The boiling point temperature started at 83 degrees Celsius we then decreased the temperature until we reached 25ml which was 82 degrees Celsius. Our results for the Toluene were 1. 4810 and 1. 4350 for the Cyclohexane. Unfortunately in the experiment for simple distillation, we reached an error when the compounds evaporated too rapidly. This was one source of error that disarrayed our data. The compounds evaporated so quickly that we lost data from 2 ml to 13 ml. Even though the data was not recorded it still was a successful experiment. This mistake has taught me to always keep a close eye on experiments no matter how slow the rate is. In the experiment of fractional distillation our results were reasonable but I believe that if we would have placed the aluminum foil around the fractionating column we could have minimized the temperature fluctuation during distillation. How to cite Fractional Distillation Experiment, Papers

The Strategic crisis management in tourism - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss aboutThe Strategic crisis management in tourism. Answer: Tourism Crisis and Disaster Management in the Asia-Pacific(Vol. 1). CABI. In todays world, the tourism industry is currently one of the major economically sound industries throughout the world. The industry currently is exposed and vulnerable in front of various disasters and crises. This is because the hotel and tourism industry immensely depends on various external factors like political situation, the environment, discretionary income, currency exchange rate and many more. It can be said that the success of tourism industry is directly associated with the ability to provide a safe and pleasant premises to the tourists. When elements of disasters and crises take place in hospitality and tourism industry, the local community and the tourists gets majorly affected. These undesired events divert the flows of the tourism from not only that particular area, but from the neighboring regions or from the country. Nowadays, the increasing number of crises and disasters that are negatively affecting the industry varies from human influenced to natural incidents. R ecently, it is seen that the global tourism has witnessed various crises including numerous attacks by the terrorists, economic instability, global recession, natural disasters and chemical or bio threats. There are various features that can be attributed to the disasters are generally applicable to various disasters and thus confusion may arise with shared overlaps between the two, where crisis might occur as a unswerving result of a disaster. These two particular terms can be used interchangeably and can be acknowledged that the in between the boundary among human induced and natural behavior is blurred. The major difference between disaster and crisis can be attributed to the organization itself, or it can also be explained as something that originated from outside the organization. the particular term crisis explains the situation where the main reason behind an event is somewhat self-inflected by such issues as inept management structures and practices to adapt to changes. On t he other hand, disaster can be explained as a situation where an organization is confronted with some catastrophic changes over which it has some control. In this regard, it can also be said that in most cases crisis originates from lack of planning by the management of the organization and thus it can be surely anticipated. On the other hand, disaster is the generally responded to after an event, or when human involvement can be reactive. Conceptualizing organizational resilience in tourism crisis management.Tourism crisis and disaster management in the Asia-Pacific,1, p.15. Organizational resilience rightly addresses the requirement of the organizations to fight the disruptions regarding contemporary disaster and crisis ridden environment. On the other hand, it can be said that Organizational resilience is the capability of the organizations to survive the crises. In this context, it is worth mentioning that that resilience actually determines the ability of the system of the tourism organization to absorb various shocks and changes; and stability can be explained as the capacity of the systems to return to a state if symmetry or equilibrium following the elements of disturbance. Various studies proved that communities depend on the tourism and hospitality organizations to plan, respond to and recover from various disturbances in order to incessantly host critical and luxury services. In accordance to early management theory, the tourism organizations were seemed to be relatively stable, but when a massive change in the environment was seen it was often seen as a coping with a steady change rather than with sudden changes that can test the institutions capability to cope. Thus, it can be said that the organizations are generally known to respond to various disruption and uncertainty in various ways while portraying varying levels of resilience. Since last decade, it has been seen that the disasters and crises has increased in an alarming rate in tourism and hospitality industry due to various reasons. The challenges originated from various disasters and crises have compelled the tourism organizations to manage the situation in a better and scientific way. The managements of these types of organizations should take precautions to fight these sorts of oddities in order to secure the lives of the employees and the visitors. In a competitive market, if the management of a tourism organization fails to secure the safety issues of the visitors, it would potentially ruin the tourism business of that particular region. Tourism risk and uncertainty: Theoretical reflections.Journal of Travel Research,54(3), pp.271-287. Analyzing the risks in tourism and hospitality industry is fragmented and uneven, it sheds light relatively narrowly on the risk factors as a set of negative results to be avoided by the individuals, organizations and destinations. The purpose of this journal is to highlight the sector specific systematic and unsystematic risk factors that are central to all types of tourism activities. A strong need for theoretical understanding regarding the various ideas regarding the risks and uncertainties in tourism; that engages with how these can be manifested in different other scales, and be analyzed from competing perspectives. The potential and contribution of both constructive and rationalist approach should be evaluated while keeping the focus on tourism organizations, individuals, destinations and intermediaries. This particular journal also identifies the scale-specific issues that range from decisions taken by the individuals to the securitization of various national policies. In tod ays world, it is important to secure the loopholes that can bring in several disasters and crises for the tourism organization along with the visitors and employees of the organizations. It is seen that in todays world, there are som much threats from the crises which are totally human induced and the managements of the tourism organizations should keep in mind that they need to have proper infrastructure and planning to try to prevent those unwanted incidents. Nowadays it is seen that due to unprofessionalism of some of the WHS team members, some undesired things take place and those are not at all justified. To fight these oddities, the managements of the tourism organizations should take proper actions to keep things in order and controllable. The managements of these organizations should deploy a team dedicated for the hazard and crisis management for best results. The team would get engaged in identifying and reporting the hazardous elements within the premises of the organizat ions; making it easier for the government to keep things in order. Thus it can be said that there are a lot of space for improvements in this regard worldwide and the managements of the tourism and hospitality organizations should stress on these factors. Strategic crisis management in tourism: An application of integrated risk management principles to the Croatian tourism industry. The strategic management of disasters and crises is seen as a major ingredient to manage a sustainable development for the tourism industry. The contemporary studies regarding this issue have highlighted various notions and agendas regarding the disasters and crises management in tourism industry. In todays world, this topic has gained much attention because of the undesired events that took place earlier, like beach massacre in Port El Kantaoui, steady rise and destructive activities of terrorist groups and above all reluctance of individuals to make a secured stress management plan for the industry. Nowadays the governments of many countries are making new policies in this regard, compelling the managements of tourism organizations to take proper actions to prevent and effectively manage disastrous events within the premises of the organization. The present scenario does not permit the managements to show any kinds of reluctance in this regard as that can potentially endanger the l ives of innumerable individuals at a stretch. It is a matter of fact that currently in this ever-changing world, the tourism industry is facing immense challenges and threats that leads to extreme situations, crises and emergency. Therefore, these types of disasters are leaving a long lasting impact on the tourism industry and potentially reducing the revenues generated from tourism and hospitality business. Thus in recent years studies regarding this issue have gained immense popularity. It has been noticed that due to various terrorist attacks, the industry is facing some huge challenges and that is ruining the profitability of the industry and that is making the situation concerning. The managements of the tourism and hospitality organizations thus should spend some time and money to make the security system better and effective so that they at least prevent the damages to some extent. There should be proper procedure to measure the level of performance of the team members of the Crisis management team of the tourism organizations. the managements should incessantly try to improve the security systems in order to avoid any types of undesired situations and then only the overall tourism industry would benefit. The visitors should think that the managements of the tourism organizations are capable enough to secure their safety and then only the industry would be able to bounce back and generate profitability like before. Bibliography Mikuli?, J., Milo Spr?i?, D., Holi?ek, H. and PrebeÃ… ¾ac, D. (2018).Strategic crisis management in tourism: An application of integrated risk management principles to the Croatian tourism industry. Ritchie, B.W. and Campiranon, K. eds., 2014.Tourism Crisis and Disaster Management in the Asia-Pacific(Vol. 1). CABI. Scarpino, M.R. and Gretzel, U., 2014. Conceptualizing organizational resilience in tourism crisis management.Tourism crisis and disaster management in the Asia-Pacific,1, p.15. Williams, A.M. and BalÃ… ¾, V., 2015. Tourism risk and uncertainty: Theoretical reflections.Journal of Travel Research,54(3), pp.271-287.